Coix seed is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant of the family Gramineae. Mature and dry seeds are used as medicines. It is a common Chinese herbal medicine. With the efficacy of spleen dampness, heat and pus, Coix seed oil contains a large number of unsaturated acids (linoleic acid is 31.42%), and has anti-cancer effects. In addition, Coix seed is a raw material for high-grade cakes, tonics, and cosmetics, and it has a large market demand. Our province is one of the traditional production areas of Huanren, and its planting prospects are broad.
In 2015, the provincial-level Chinese herbal medicine Yongren Demonstration Garden is taken as an example to introduce the cultivation techniques as follows:
First, the election site preparation
The former plots were selected to be non-grainy crops, sunny leewards, convenient drainage and irrigation, and moderate soil fertility. The use of fine arable land cultivation, cultivating depth of about 20 cm, after the winter freeze drying to release soil organic matter, and eliminate or reduce winter diseases and insect pests.
Second, the spring plowing preparation
1. Seed preparation. The high-yield single plants with strong tiller strength, high grain density, and relatively mature maturity are selected as seed strains. Seed quality requirements: purity ≥ 95%, germination rate ≥ 80%, clarity ≥ 99%, water content ≤ 13%.
2. Seed treatment. 50% thiophanate-methyl, mechanical seed dressing according to 0.4% to 0.5% of total seeds.
3. Site preparation. First, the nursery: plowing and cultivating, making a width of 1 to 1.5 meters, 10 to 15 centimeters high; second is planting land: the land plow turn, Mushi organic fertilizer 3000 kilograms, superphosphate 60 kilograms for Basal fat, fine.
Third, cultivation methods
1. Hole sowing. Seedlings from mid-March to late April, density: 30 to 40 centimeters, 40 to 50 centimeters spacing, 3 to 4 centimeters sowing depth, 5 to 6 seeds per hole, soil cover.
2. Live broadcast. In the middle and late March, sowing, about 35 kilograms sowing. Seedling height of 5 to 7 cm, 5 to 6 leaf age combined with weeding, chasing organic fertilizer, Mushi thin human waste urine 1500 kg.
Fourth, field management
1. Miao fill seedlings. Seedlings of live seedlings grow 3 to 5 leaves to make seedlings, leaving 3 to 4 strong seedlings per hole.
2. Weeding and weeding. When the height of the seedling is 30 cm, the first shallow hoeing is performed, and the second cultivating weeding is performed at 60 cm.
3. Moisture. Seedling stage, panicle stage, flowering stage and filling stage should ensure sufficient water, timely watering in case of drought, keep the soil moist, and eliminate sulcus water after rain or furrow irrigation.
4. Top dressing. After heading, the roots were sprayed with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.
5. Assistant pollination. Flowering takes place artificially every 3 to 4 days. At 10 to 12 o'clock in the morning, the two men pulled ropes several times apart and walked in the same direction along the ditch so that their stems oscillated and pollen flourished.
6. Remove leaves and remove sorghum. After the jointing was stopped, the following branches and leaves were removed from the first branch and ineffective delivery.
V. Pest Control
1. Agricultural control. The selection of disease-resistant varieties, nurturing strong seedlings, the implementation of crop rotation, scientific fertilization, application of decomposed organic fertilizer, drying the soil, removal of tumors, removal of diseased plants, clean the garden.
2. Physical control. During the adult stage of corn borer or adult armyworm, 1 insecticidal lamp is set per 30 acres, or trapped and killed by sweet and sour liquid; during the oviposition period of the armyworm, artificially picked egg masses and concentrated incineration.
3. Biological control. Using 300 times liquid of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) emulsion to fill the leaves, or 3% of Bacillus thuringiensis mixed soil with fine soil, and apply it to the leaves at the sunny evening to prevent corn borer.
4. Chemical control. (1) Smut. Before sowing, 25% triadimefon or 50% carbendazim was seeded at 0.5% of the seed weight, and the soil was disinfected with 50% carbendazim or 75% chlorothalonil 500 times solution. (2) Leaf blight. Spray 50% mancozeb 600 times solution, 50% carbendazim 500 times solution or 75% chlorothalonil 500 times solution at the beginning of the disease, spray once every 10 to 15 days, and spray 2 or 3 times. . (3) corn mash. At the heart and leaf stage, 3% phoxim granules 3 kg plus fine soil 15 kilograms were mixed with toxic soil or 90% trichlorfon 1000 times were used to irrigate the leaves. (4) Insect pests. Larvae were sprayed with 20% cypermethrin 2000x, 20% chrysanthemum EC 1800-2000x, or 2.5% dichlorfon 1600x.
Six, harvesting, primary processing
1. Harvest. 80% of the grain was harvested when it was yellow. The plants that were cut were left standing for 3 to 4 days until after ripening and threshing.
2. Primary processing. First, the drying, the seeds dried to a moisture content of about 12%; Second, shelling, using shelling machinery to grind the total pods and seed coat; Third, the wind net, sieve net, with a windmill fan shell, dust and debris , Screening debris and other debris, get Yiyiren.
Seven, quality requirements
In line with the requirements of the 2010 edition of the "People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia" (Part 1). Impurity ≤ 2.0%, moisture ≤ 15.0%, total ash ≤ 3.0%, leachables ≥ 5.5%, glyceryl trioleate ≥ 0.50%. (
Microscope Slides,Microscope Glass Slides,Glass Microscope Slides,Frosted Microscope Slides
Yancheng Rongtai Labware Co.,Ltd , https://www.rongtailab.com