I. Variety selection
At present, SC2196 is suitable for cultivation in China. The strains are cultivars that were originally planted and expanded, and prevent the use of multi-generation cultivars. Should be purchased in the country's designated edible mushroom species production units, strains of mycelium white, feather-like, strong ability to climb the wall, no pollution, no aging.
Second, material preparation
Need 2000kg of straw per 100 square meters, 1500~1750kg of feces (horse, cattle, sheep manure), 15kg of urea, 20kg of bean cake or oil residue, 50kg of superphosphate, 50kg of gypsum powder, light calcium carbonate 20 Kilograms, lime 15 to 30 kilograms.
Third, pre-warm reactor
Before the construction of the pile, the grass is pre-wet for 3 to 5 days to fully absorb the water and soften. Then the stack is built, the stack width is 1.5 to 2.3 meters, the stack height is 1.6 to 1.8 meters, and the length is not limited; the stacking time depends on the temperature, Usually takes 25 to 30 days.
First lay a layer of 16 to 20 centimeters of grass, 2.3 meters wide, then spread a layer of 5 to 7 centimeters thick manure, sprinkle lime, superphosphate, urea and oil residue, a layer of grass layer of manure, always Shop to 1.6 to 1.8 meters high. The first to third layers do not need to be watered. After each layer is poured, the water is poured one at a time, the lower layer is poured less, the upper layer is poured more, and is piled into a turtle shape. After the pile is piled, a small amount of water flows out of the material pile as well.
Fourth, turn fermentation
Each turn should be in the appropriate period when the temperature in the heap reaches its highest point. Turn the material below to the top, the material on the four sides is turned to the middle, the material in the middle turns to the outside, and the dry material and the wet material are fully shaken and mixed. , to promote the uniform and uniform, turn the interval should be grasped after the first long after the short-term, moisture before the wet and dry, after the reactor is wide and narrow.
The first tumbling should be about 6 days after the construction of the reactor, and the temperature of the reactor will reach the maximum and the reactor will begin to roll down. In general, it is necessary to pour enough water on the first turnover and evenly spread gypsum powder and calcium carbonate. After turning over, a small amount of water spilled around the heap. After 1 to 2 days after turning, the temperature of the stack rose to 75-80°C, and the temperature dropped after 5-6 days. At this time, the second turning was performed. Water was added to adjust the humidity according to the situation. The third turn is performed 5 to 6 days after the second turn. The fourth turn was made 4 to 5 days after the third turn. At the last tipping, 100 grams of dichlorvos were sprayed for every 500 kilograms of the material, and moved into the mushroom house 2 to 4 days later.
Fifth, mushroom house disinfection
The Agaricus bisporus does not need light, and it can be cultivated in places where it can keep moist, heat, and light (allowing a small amount of scattered light). The width of the bedstead is generally 1.5 meters, 1 meter away from the wall, and 30 to 60 centimeters between the two beds. The length is determined by the mushroom house, the general number of layers is 2 to 3 layers, each layer spacing 60 to 80 cm, mushroom house should be kept clean and free of debris. First spray the ground with dichlorvos, 50 grams for every 46 square meters, and then spread dry lime on the ground, with 2.5 to 3 kg of lime per 40 square meters. After disinfection of the mushroom house, the culture material is laid flat on the surface of the bed, and each 50 kg of rice straw is spread over 3 square meters. The material surface is required to be uniform and uniform in thickness. When the material temperature drops below 25°C, use a wooden board to gently pat it, loosely and tightly, with a thickness of 15 to 20 cm. The hand and the device used to hold the seed during the sowing should be scrubbed and disinfected with 75% alcohol or high alcohol.
Six, sowing method
There are three types of seeding: sowing, mixing, and sowing. Spread the seed and then dig out the bacteria from the bottle and put it in the pot for uniform seed dressing. 1 bottle of bacteria per square meter. The use of sowing method is better for the smut species, and the bacteria species are evenly spread on the surface of the material. To prevent the surface of the material from drying out, a layer of 1 cm thick culture material should be sprinkled on the strain and gently pressed with a wooden board.
After sowing, keep the temperature inside the mushroom room 22 ~ 28 °C, air relative humidity 60% ~ 70%, after sowing the first 1 to 2 days can not ventilated, the first 3 to 4 days to moisturizing, can be a small amount of ventilation, 7 days after the mycelium Spreading around, you can gradually increase the amount of ventilation, such as high temperatures, cool sooner or later.
Seventh, cover soil disinfection
Under normal circumstances, 15 to 20 days after sowing, when the mycelium grows to 2/3 of the culture layer, it can be covered with fertile loam soil. Each kilogram of soil is mixed with 1 kilogram of lime and 1 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer, with 500 to 700 times. Dichlorvos 25 grams of spray disinfection, pH 6.5 ~ 7.5, with 6.8 ~ 7.0 is appropriate. After covering the soil for 7 to 10 days, spray water continuously for 2 to 3 days, spray water 1 to 2 times a day, about 450 grams of water per square meter at a time, and the soil moisture is suitable for the soil to pinch flat and not sticky to promote large amounts of water. The fruiting bodies quickly formed. When the first batch of Agaricus bisporus fruit body grows to the size of soybeans, the water is sprayed continuously for 2 days, once a day, no more than 450 grams per square meter.
Eight, harvest
The Agaricus bisporus needs 35 to 40 days from sowing to harvesting, and it can receive 6 to 8 shiitake mushrooms from the end of harvesting. When the Agaricus bisporus grows to thin skin and opens the umbrella (the big mushroom 400 g does not open the umbrella), it is timely harvested. When harvesting, gently turn it by hand, and use the small bamboo knife to carefully cut the big mushroom. The holes left at the harvesting place should be filled with the soil to keep the material surface flat. When each mushroom grows to the size of soybeans. Spray a heavy water, 500 to 800 grams per square meter.
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