The chicken swollen head syndrome is an acute infectious disease caused by avian pneumovirus-turkey rhinotracheitis virus and mixed with Escherichia coli.
Epidemiology mainly affects laying hens, broilers and turkeys. Mainly through horizontal contact, the digestive tract and nasal secretions of diseased or rehabilitated chickens contaminate drinking water and the environment as pathogenic sources. Commercial egg hens often occur at 3 to 7 weeks of age, 4 to 6 weeks of which is the high incidence of the disease. The use of antiviral drugs, antibiotics and improved breeding environment can shorten the course of the disease. Causes of morbidity are related to environmental factors. High-density breeding, high ammonia concentration in indoor housing, and poor ventilation are all factors.
At the beginning of the clinical symptoms, the chicken showed sneezing and coughing, followed by flushing of the eye's conjunctiva, swelling of the lacrimal gland, and a "one" shape of eye closure. Late subcutaneous edema of the head extends from the periphery of the eye to the entire head as well as to the meatlobe and mandibular tissue, and the eyelid edema is closed. Subcutaneous edema gradually changes from a sense of volatility into cellulite. Sometimes the flesh grows and swells, and the sick chicken is weak, weak, and even dead. Severe-onset chickens had brain disorientation, repeated and shaking heads, neck twists, and ataxia, opisthotonos, and some of the chickens were star-shaped.
Pathological changes in the necropsy showed that the subcutaneous tissue around the eyes and the orbital tissue showed plastic capsule infiltration, followed by a yellow loose and hard mass. Lacrimal gland, conjunctival sac and facial subcutaneous tissue yellow edema, suppurative and granulation tissue hyperplasia. In some cases, there were granulomas and fibrinous suppurative inflammations in the head and in the subcutaneous tissues of the fleas and meat crowns, and in the bronchial air space and middle ear. Severe cases had tracheitis or even lung necrosis.
Prevention and control measures According to the characteristics of secondary infection of the disease, quinolones, sulfonamides and other broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs can be used to control secondary infections such as Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma and other pathogens, and reduce the incidence of diseases. Loss; can also use Chinese herbal formulas to prevent and control the epidemic. Prevention: To improve the feeding conditions, strictly control the breeding density, enhance the ventilation capacity of the house, reduce the concentration of ammonia in the air, and regularly sterilize chickens.
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